UNIT 2 : NEW WORLD

UNIT 2

NEW WORLD

CONTENT 1.1 

FOOD AND DRINK

WHAT IS FOOD? 

Food is any substance. Consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism. It is usually of plant or animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals. The substance is ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells to provide energy, maintain life, or stimulate growth.

WHAT IS DRINK?

    A drink (or beverage) is a liquid intended for human consumption. In addition to their basic function of satisfying thirst, drinks play important roles in human culture. Common types of drinks include plain drinking water, milk, coffee, tea, hot chocolate, juice and soft drinks. In addition, alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and liquor, which contain the drug ethanol, have been part of human culture for more than 8,000 years.

TYPES OF DRINK

·         Non-alcoholic drinks: A non-alcoholic drink is one that contains 

little or no alcohol.

·      Water: Water is the world's most consumed drink, however, 

97% of water on Earth is non-drinkable saltwater. Fresh water is 

found in rivers, lakes, wetlands, groundwater, and frozen glaciers.

·       Milk: Regarded as one of the "original" drinks, milk is the 

primary source of nutrition for babies. In many cultures of the 

world, especially the Western world, humans continue to consume

 dairy milk beyond infancy, using the milk of other animals 

(especially cattle, goats and sheep) as a drink.

·       Soft drinks: Carbonated drinks refer to drinks which have 

      carbon dioxide dissolved into them.

·       Juice and juice drinks: Fruit juice is a natural product that 

    contains few or no additives.

    Song about Food and Drinks.

CONTENT 2.2

TALKING ABOUT FOOD

   Some foods not from animal or plant sources include various edible fungi, especially mushrooms. Fungi and ambient bacteria are used in the preparation of fermented and pickled foods like leavened bread, alcoholic drinks, cheese, pickles, kombucha, and yogurt. Another example is blue-green algae such as Spirulina. Inorganic substances such as salt, baking soda and cream of tartar are used to preserve or chemically alter an ingredient.

CLASSIFICATIONS AND TYPES OF FOOD

·         Adulterated food: Adulteration is a legal term meaning 

that a food product fails to meet the legal standards.

·         Camping food: Camping food includes ingredients used 

to prepare food suitable for back-country camping 

and backpacking

·         Diet food: (or "dietetic food") refers to any food or beverage whose recipe is altered to reduce fat, carbohydrates, abhor/adhere sugar in order to make it part of a weight loss program or diet. Such foods are usually intended to assist in weight loss or a change in body type, although bodybuilding supplements are designed to aid in gaining weight or muscle.

·         Finger food: Finger food is food meant to be eaten directly using the hands, in contrast to food eaten with a knife and fork, spoon, chopsticks, or other utensils

·         Fresh food: Fresh food is food which has not been preserved and has not spoiled yet. For vegetables and fruits, this means that they have been recently harvested and treated properly post-harvest; for meat, it has recently been slaughtered and butchered; for fish, it has been recently caught or harvested and kept cold.

·         Frozen food: Freezing food preserves

 it from the time it is prepared to the time it

 is eaten. Since early times, 

farmers, fishermen, and trappers 

have preserved grains and produce 

in unheated buildings during the winter 

season.

·         Functional food: A functional food is 

a food given an additional function (often 

one related to health-promotion or 

disease prevention) by adding new 

ingredients or more of existing ingredients.

·         Healthy food: A healthy diet is a diet 

that helps to maintain or improve overall 

health. A healthy diet provides the body 

with essential nutrition: fluid, macro-nutrients, micro-nutrients, and adequate calories.

·         Live food: Live food is living food for carnivorous or omnivorous animals kept in captivity; in other words, small animals such as insects or mice fed to larger carnivorous or omnivorous species kept in either in a zoo or as pet.

·         Medical food: Medical foods are foods that are specially formulated and intended for the dietary management of a disease that has distinctive nutritional needs that cannot be met by normal diet alone.

·         Natural foods: Natural foods and "all-natural foods" are widely used terms in food labeling and marketing with a variety of definitions, most of which are vague.

CONTENT 2.3

TECHNOLOGY

    Technology is the knowledge of techniques, processes, and the like, or it can be embedded in machines to allow for operation without detailed knowledge of their workings. Systems applying technology by taking an input, changing it according to the system's use, and then producing an outcome are referred to as technology systems or technological systems.

Technology future

CONTENT 2.4

ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE GADGETS 

Adjectives: are words we use to describe other words.

Gadget: a small mechanical / electrical device or tool.

Here you have some adjectives for describing gadgets.

•     Compact = it is small.
•     Versatile = it can do lots of different things.
•     Expensive = it costs a lot of money.
•     Useful = it is something that can help you.
•     Portable: it is easy to carry.
•     Powerful = it can store a lot of Information
•     User-friendly = it is easy to use
•     Attractive = it looks good.
•       Lates = the most fashionable ideas or style
•     Various = many different kinds.

LINK: The best Gadgets

CONTENT 2.5

PARTS OF A COMPUTER

A computer is an electronic machine that processes data. Information given to the computer is called data. Computer works very fast. It saves your time and energy. It does not make mistakes. It can remember a lot of things. The basic parts of a computer are shown in the picture given here.

·         Compact disc: It stores information many times more than a floppy disk

·         CPU: The processing device in a computer.

·         Data: It is the information given to the computer.

·         Electronic machine: It is the machine that runs with the help of electricity.

·         Floppy disk: It stores a small amount of information.

·         Hard disk: It stores a large amount of information.

·         Headphones: The device for listening to the 

      recorded sounds without disturbing others.

·         Input devices: These help us put date into the computer.

·         Joystick: It is used for playing computer games.

·         Keyboard: This is used to enter data into the 

      computer system.

·         Microphone: It is used for recording sound.

·         Monitor: It shows whatever you type on the keyboard

      or draw with the mouse.

·         Mouse: It is pointing device.

·         Output devices: These help us to show the results of processing.

·        Processing device: Helps to store, sort, arrange and change the inputs on a computer.

·     Scanner: It copies pictures and pages and turns into images that can be saved on a   computer.

·         Speakers: These are used for listening to recorded sound.

·         Storage devices: These are form the memory of the computer.

·         Wed camera: It is used for taking live photos and videos.

CONTENT 2.6

COMMUNICATION VERBS AND ADJECTIVES

  To be communicative is to have the ability to communicate — to exchange thoughts and ideas. Couples often go to counseling to learn to be more communicative. It is easy to see the verb communicate in the adjective communicative: a communicative person is one who can communicate easily. Being communicative is one of the qualities we most value in other people. There is nothing more frustrating than a person who is not communicative, because you cannot talk to them.