UNIT 3
DREAM WORLD
A pleasant situation that exists only in your imagination.
CONTENT 3.1 WORKS AND JOBS
DEFINITION ABOUT JOB
A job is a regular and official activity that you do and receive money (a salary) for your activity. It is also called a profession or an occupation. You can have a full-time job (40 hours per week) or a part-time job (around 25 hours per week).
To find a job, you can check the job listings online or in the newspaper – these are small advertisements about job openings (job opportunities). The process of trying to get a specific job – when you send your resume or CV to a company – is called applying for a job.
DEFINITION ABOUT WORK
The word work is more general than “job” – whereas “job” is a specific occupation/profession, “work” refers to general efforts and activities done to accomplish a goal. “Work” can be done both inside an official job and outside a job. The word work also refers to the context of your place of employment – so we can say.
· You can say you work at / for (a company)
· You can say you’re working on (a project / task)
· You can say you work with (people / objects)
CONTENT 3.2
WORKING CONDITIONS
The conditions in which an individual or staff works, including but not limited to such things as amenities, physical environment, stress and noise levels, degree of safety or danger, and the like.
Working conditions are at the core of paid work and employment relationships. Working conditions cover a broad range of topics and issues, from working time (hours of work, rest periods, and work schedules) to remuneration, as well as the physical conditions and mental demands that exist in the workplace.
Use 'working conditions' in a Sentence
1.
The workers at the mill are on strike for the month due to poor wages, working conditions, health care, hours, benefits, and vacation time.
2.
Darren's working conditions were getting to be quite severe, as the tractor he road regularly lost its brakes and accelerated into neighboring fields.
3.
Because the factory owner refused to let his employees take the day off when the air conditioning broke down, they faced dangerous working conditions in the summer heat.
CONTENT 3.3
DREAMS AND AMBITIONS
DEFINITION ABOUT DREAMS
A dream is a succession of
Images, ideas, emotions,
and sensations that usually
occur involuntarily in the
mind during certain stages
of sleep.The content and purpose
of dreams are not fully
understood, although they
have been a topic of
scientific, philosophical
and religious interest
throughout recorded history.
Dream interpretation is the
attempt at drawing meaning
from dreams and searching for an
underlying message. The scientific study of dreams is called neurology.
Opinions about the meaning of dreams have varied and shifted through time and culture. Many endorse the Freudian theory of dreams – that dreams reveal insight into hidden desires and emotions. Other prominent theories include those suggesting that dreams assist in memory formation, problem solving, or simply are a product of random brain activation.
DEFINITION ABOUT AMBITIONS
The desire to achieve something, or to succeed, accompanied with motivation, determination and an internal drive.
Ambition describes those that achieve success based on their inner desire to do so and their belief in themselves. Ambition in itself may not be a key to success. Successful, ambitious people need both energy and goals to succeed. Someone with plenty of energy but no goals may find themselves pursuing one opportunity after another without success, wondering what it is that they are wanting out of life. Someone with goals but no energy may find themselves wanting to achieve success, but too complacent to do the work to go about pursuing their goals.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DREAMS AND AMBITIONS
A dream usually speaks to us of a desire for something internal, being a word that comes from aspiring, that is to say, bringing air into the interior or in a slightly more poetic sense of ingesting or assimilating spirit. Unlike this, ambition carries the idea in its meaning of going to look, of going out to get something.
The ambition to succeed in the world to receive material goods or the approval of others is nothing more than a great distraction that could have the consequence of making us repeat the same habits and make us have a bad time while, like who has to repeat the same Course two or three times.
CONTENT 3.4
COMMON VERBS AND COLLOCATIONS
This is a video about COMMON VERBS
COLLOCATIONS
What is a collocation?
A collocation is two or more words that often go together. These combinations just sound "right" to native English speakers, who use them all the time. On the other hand, other combinations may be unnatural and just sound "wrong".
TYPES OF COLLOCATIONS
There are several different types of collocation made from combinations of verb, noun, adjective etc.
Why learn collocations?
• Your language will be more natural and more easily understood.
• You will have alternative and richer ways of expressing yourself.
• It is easier for our brains to remember and use language in chunks or blocks rather than as single words.
This video will be help us about the use of collocations
CONTENT 3.5
DESCRIBING PLACES
TO STAR I PRESENT A VIDEO ABOUT THIS TOPIC
When you’re describing a place or a person, think about the specificity of the describing words you choose. You could say, ‘The man was short’ yet readers might ask themselves ‘how short?’ If you said ‘the man was minute’, this suggests not only that the character is especially small in size but also registers a sense of surprise or shock (given the strength of the descriptive word).
One way to get the most out of adjectives is to look up their etymologies. The origins of words often explain additional connotations that we’re maybe dimly aware of but don’t think about. For example, ‘short’ (from Old English via Old High German) means ‘to cut’, with the notion of something cut off. ‘Minute’ (from Latin minutes) means ‘chopped small’. Already a much more visceral image – one of little pieces – underlies this more expressive describing word.
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